According to the characteristics of the large time delay, nonlinearity and the great inertia of temperature control system in biomass pyrolysis reactor, a two-degree-of-freedom Smith internal model controller based on fuzzy control is proposed. Firstly, the mathematical model of the temperature control system is established by using the step response method, and then the two-degree-of-freedom Smith internal model controller is designed, and the good tracking per-formance and disturbance suppression performance can be obtained by designing the set value tracking controller and interference rejection capability. Secondly, the fuzzy control algorithm is used to realize the on-line tuning of the control parameters of the two-degree-of-freedom Smith internal model algorithm. The simulation results show that, compared with the traditional internal model control, fuzzy internal model PID control and two-degree-of-freedom Smith internal model control, the algorithm proposed in this paper improves the influence of lag time on the control system, realizes the separation control of set point tracking and anti-jamming performance and the self-tuning of control parameters, and improves the control performance of the system.